How to Use a Fire Extinguisher: A Step-by-Step Guide
Knowing how to use a fire extinguisher could save lives and property. While we hope you never need to use one, being prepared is crucial. This guide provides a clear, step-by-step process, ensuring you're ready for any fire emergency.
Before You Start: PASS the Test
Remember the acronym PASS: this simple mnemonic will help you remember the crucial steps.
- Pull the pin: Remove the pin securing the handle.
- Aim at the base of the fire: Direct the nozzle towards the bottom of the flames, not the top.
- Squeeze the lever: Squeeze or press the lever to release the extinguishing agent.
- Sweep from side to side: Move the nozzle back and forth in a sweeping motion to cover the entire burning area.
Understanding Fire Extinguisher Types
Fire extinguishers aren't all the same. Different types are designed for specific classes of fire:
- Class A: Ordinary combustibles like wood, paper, cloth. Look for extinguishers with a green triangle.
- Class B: Flammable liquids like grease, gasoline, and oil. Look for extinguishers with a red square.
- Class C: Electrical fires. Look for extinguishers with a blue circle.
- Class D: Combustible metals. These require specialized extinguishers.
- Class K: Kitchen fires involving cooking oils and fats. Look for extinguishers with a black star.
Multi-purpose extinguishers often cover several classes (like A, B, and C), but always check the label to confirm the extinguisher's capabilities before attempting to use it.
When to Use a Fire Extinguisher – And When Not To
Using a fire extinguisher is only appropriate for small, contained fires. If the fire:
- Is spreading rapidly: Evacuate immediately. Your safety is paramount.
- Is too large: A small extinguisher won't be effective against a large blaze.
- Involves hazardous materials: Do not attempt to extinguish a fire if you are unsure of the materials involved.
- Engulfs you in smoke: Get out of the building immediately.
Your safety is the top priority. If you're unsure, evacuate and call emergency services (911 in the US).
After Using the Extinguisher
Once the fire is out, ensure it's completely extinguished. Watch for any re-ignition. After using the extinguisher, it needs to be recharged or replaced. Contact a qualified fire safety professional for inspection and maintenance.
Regular Inspection and Maintenance
Regularly inspect your fire extinguishers. Check for:
- Proper pressure: Most extinguishers have a pressure gauge.
- No damage to the nozzle or cylinder: Look for dents, cracks, or corrosion.
- Secure mounting: Ensure it's firmly mounted and easily accessible.
Having a readily accessible and properly maintained fire extinguisher is essential for safety. Remember the PASS method and know the limits of your extinguisher. Prioritize your safety above all else.
